
LegalAffairs: The Magazine at the Intersection of Law and Life, has a nice history of the legal pad in its May/June 2005 issue. "Old Yeller," by Suzanne Snider, recounts the history of the legal pad. In 1888 a 24 year old worker in a paper mill in Holyoke, Massachusetts, had the idea of binding paper scraps from the mill into a pad. He founded his own company to produce them, and in the early 1900s he added the line down the left hand margin at the request of a judge. When and where the standard yellow color was introduced is not clear. Here is Snider's full article.

It turns out the advent of the spiral notebook was covered in the October, 1934 edition of Popular Science. A copy of the ad is reproduced at Modern Mechanix , which reported "Coil springs form flexible bindings for a new type of memorandum books. One edge of the covers and pages of the book are perforated with more than twenty holes and the coil spring is threaded through these holes to make a permanent binding, as shown above." Here's the link.

Finally, there is the granddaddy of them all -- the three ring binder, although actually it started life as a two ring binder and which was first patented in 1853.
Earlyofficemuseum.com has a wonderful online collection of early office materials as well as historical details on their introduction. The site has a copy of this 1899 advertisement for the two ring binder, which it says is the first advertisement for this type of loose leaf filing system. Here's link to earlyofficemuseum's page on early filing devices.
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